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Tidsskrift For Den Norske Laegeforening... May 2016
Topics: Humans; Norway; Practice Guidelines as Topic
PubMed: 27143446
DOI: 10.4045/tidsskr.16.0394 -
BMC Public Health Feb 2021Policymakers and health professionals prefer to use summarized evidence of practice recommendations. The aim of this scoping review is therefore to identify available... (Review)
Review
BACKGROUND
Policymakers and health professionals prefer to use summarized evidence of practice recommendations. The aim of this scoping review is therefore to identify available guidelines, consensus statements, the standard of practice, and practice recommendations on reproductive health service provision during the COVID-19 pandemics.
METHODS
We searched guideline databases and websites of professional associations and international organizations working on sexual and reproductive health. We looked for practice recommendations on sexual reproductive health services (SRH) during COVID-19 pandemics. Additionally, we searched: MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Google Scholar. Data extraction was done by two independent reviewers using a customized tool that was developed to record the key information of the source that's relevant to the review question. The difference between the two authors on data extraction was resolved by discussion.
RESULTS
A total of 21 records were included in the review. Identified recommendations were classified into thematic areas. The records addressed approaches to antenatal care, labour and delivery, postnatal care, safe abortion, contraception, gender-based violence, and artificial reproduction.
CONCLUSIONS
There were consistent consensus statements and recommendations that there should be access to sexual and reproductive health services like antenatal care (ANC), postnatal care (PNC), contraception service, safe abortion care, and clinical management of rape survivors during the COVID-19 pandemics with the concerted effort of service re-organization. The practice recommendations focus on innovative ways of service provision to minimize patient and staff exposure to COVID-19 as well as alleviate the burden on the health care system. These include utilizing telemedicine and community/home-based care or self-care.
Topics: COVID-19; Consensus; Humans; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Reproductive Health Services
PubMed: 33536001
DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-10346-2 -
Epidemiology and Infection Jul 2018During emerging disease outbreaks, public health, emergency management officials and decision-makers increasingly rely on epidemiological models to forecast outbreak... (Review)
Review
During emerging disease outbreaks, public health, emergency management officials and decision-makers increasingly rely on epidemiological models to forecast outbreak progression and determine the best response to health crisis needs. Outbreak response strategies derived from such modelling may include pharmaceutical distribution, immunisation campaigns, social distancing, prophylactic pharmaceuticals, medical care, bed surge, security and other requirements. Infectious disease modelling estimates are unavoidably subject to multiple interpretations, and full understanding of a model's limitations may be lost when provided from the disease modeller to public health practitioner to government policymaker. We review epidemiological models created for diseases which are of greatest concern for public health protection. Such diseases, whether transmitted from person-to-person (Ebola, influenza, smallpox), via direct exposure (anthrax), or food and waterborne exposure (cholera, typhoid) may cause severe illness and death in a large population. We examine disease-specific models to determine best practices characterising infectious disease outbreaks and facilitating emergency response and implementation of public health policy and disease control measures.
Topics: Anthrax; Cholera; Coinfection; Disease Outbreaks; Forecasting; Hemorrhagic Fever, Ebola; Humans; Influenza, Human; Malaria; Models, Theoretical; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Smallpox; Typhoid Fever
PubMed: 29734964
DOI: 10.1017/S095026881800119X -
Clinical Chemistry and Laboratory... Jul 2016Clinical practice guidelines (CPG) are written with the aim of collating the most up to date information into a single document that will aid clinicians in providing the... (Review)
Review
Clinical practice guidelines (CPG) are written with the aim of collating the most up to date information into a single document that will aid clinicians in providing the best practice for their patients. There is evidence to suggest that those clinicians who adhere to CPG deliver better outcomes for their patients. Why, therefore, are clinicians so poor at adhering to CPG? The main barriers include awareness, familiarity and agreement with the contents. Secondly, clinicians must feel that they have the skills and are therefore able to deliver on the CPG. Clinicians also need to be able to overcome the inertia of "normal practice" and understand the need for change. Thirdly, the goals of clinicians and patients are not always the same as each other (or the guidelines). Finally, there are a multitude of external barriers including equipment, space, educational materials, time, staff, and financial resource. In view of the considerable energy that has been placed on guidelines, there has been extensive research into their uptake. Laboratory medicine specialists are not immune from these barriers. Most CPG that include laboratory tests do not have sufficient detail for laboratories to provide any added value. However, where appropriate recommendations are made, then it appears that laboratory specialist express the same difficulties in compliance as front-line clinicians.
Topics: Attitude of Health Personnel; Guideline Adherence; Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; Humans; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Practice Patterns, Physicians'; United States
PubMed: 26650076
DOI: 10.1515/cclm-2015-0871 -
NeuroRx : the Journal of the American... Jul 2004Despite the availability of vast quantities of evidence from basic biomedical and clinical studies, a gap often exists between the optimal practice suggested by the... (Review)
Review
Despite the availability of vast quantities of evidence from basic biomedical and clinical studies, a gap often exists between the optimal practice suggested by the evidence and actual practice. For many clinical situations, however, evidence is unavailable, of poor quality or contradictory. Out of necessity, clinicians have become accustomed to relying on non-evidence-based tools to make decisions. Out of habit, they rely on these tools even when high-quality evidence becomes available. Growing out of an increasing awareness of this problem, the evidence-based medicine (EBM) movement sought to empower clinicians to find the evidence most relevant to a specific clinical question. Various organizations have used EBM techniques to develop systematic reviews and practice guidelines to aid physicians in making evidence-based decisions. A systematic review follows a process of asking a clinical question, finding the relevant evidence, critically appraising the evidence and formulating conclusions and recommendations. Results are mixed on whether educating physicians about evidence-based recommendations is sufficient to change physician behavior. Barriers to adopting evidence-based best practice remain, including physician skepticism, patient expectations, fear of legal action, and distorted reimbursement systems. Additionally, despite enormous research efforts there remains a lack of high-quality evidence to guide care for many clinical situations.
Topics: Evidence-Based Medicine; Humans; Neurology; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Professional Practice; Review Literature as Topic
PubMed: 15717035
DOI: 10.1602/neurorx.1.3.331 -
Journal of Obstetric, Gynecologic, and... Mar 2022To use a scoping review to explore the existing literature on best practice guidelines for safe, dignified, and compassionate care in the labor and birth setting for... (Review)
Review
OBJECTIVE
To use a scoping review to explore the existing literature on best practice guidelines for safe, dignified, and compassionate care in the labor and birth setting for pregnant women who use methamphetamines.
DATA SOURCES
We conducted a systematic search for articles and best practice guidelines from health-related databases (MEDLINE; CINAHL; and the Web of Science, including the Core Collection and Social Science Citation Index, PsycInfo, Women's Studies International, and Sociological Abstracts) and gray literature. Search terms included substance use disorder, methamphetamine, childbirth, and labor and delivery.
STUDY SELECTION
We included English-language, peer-reviewed reports of primary research, systematic reviews, and practice guidelines from credible databases and organizations published between 1991 and 2020. We screened 1,297 resources and agreed to review 156 articles and 16 gray literature resources in the full-text analysis. Nine of the 156 articles and 16 gray literature resources met the inclusion criteria.
DATA EXTRACTION
We used the Joanna Briggs Institute review guidelines (2015) criteria for extraction of the following data: author(s); year of publication; type of study; objectives; country of origin; study population and sample size (if applicable); inclusion of best practice guidelines for the labor and birth setting; care approaches specific to safety, dignity, compassion; and the targeted substance(s) discussed (e.g., methamphetamine, opioids, etc.). We further documented the phenomena of interest to determine if articles or best practice guidelines included safe, dignified, and compassionate care approaches specific to pregnant women who use methamphetamine.
DATA SYNTHESIS
We summarized the best practice guidelines, which included universal screening, assessment, and management of analgesia during labor, as well as broad guidance regarding the inclusion of a multidisciplinary health care team. Safe, dignified, and compassionate care approaches were focused on communication, shared decision making, and the provision of nonjudgmental care. Although evidence about substance use during the childbearing years is increasing, stronger evidence for clinical care approaches in the labor and birth setting is needed, inclusive of all stakeholder perspectives.
CONCLUSION
The articles and best practice guidelines reviewed provided broad clinical recommendations that were applicable to pregnant women who use methamphetamine. However, we did not find a complete comprehensive best practice guideline for labor and birth that was specific, was solution focused, and delineated a safe, dignified, and compassionate care approach.
Topics: Birth Setting; Female; Humans; Labor, Obstetric; Methamphetamine; Parturition; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Pregnancy; Pregnant Women
PubMed: 34914926
DOI: 10.1016/j.jogn.2021.10.008 -
Respiratory Care May 2017Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) is an important modality in clinical practice and is extensively studied. The growth of literature related to NIV over the past 20 years... (Review)
Review
Noninvasive ventilation (NIV) is an important modality in clinical practice and is extensively studied. The growth of literature related to NIV over the past 20 years has made it difficult for clinicians to stay up to date with current best practice. This article will summarize some of the important NIV literature published in 2016 and describe any impact it may have related to the clinical use of NIV.
Topics: Humans; Noninvasive Ventilation; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Respiratory Insufficiency
PubMed: 28442588
DOI: 10.4187/respcare.05530 -
PloS One 2021Migrants are underrepresented in population health surveys. Offering translated survey instruments has been shown to increase migrant representation. While 'team...
BACKGROUND
Migrants are underrepresented in population health surveys. Offering translated survey instruments has been shown to increase migrant representation. While 'team translation' represents current best practice, there are relatively few published examples describing how it has been implemented. The purpose of this paper is to document the process, results and lessons from a project to translate an English-language sexual health and blood-borne virus survey into Khmer, Karen, Vietnamese and Traditional Chinese.
METHODS
The approach to translation was based on the TRAPD (Translation, Review, Adjudication, Pretesting, and Documentation) model. The English-language survey was sent to two accredited, independent translators. At least one bilingual person was chosen to review and compare the translations and preferred translations were selected through consensus. Agreed translations were pretested with small samples of individuals fluent in the survey language and further revisions made.
RESULTS
Of the 51 survey questions, only nine resulted in identical independent translations in at least one language. Material differences between the translations related to: (1) the translation of technical terms and medical terminology (e.g. HIV); (2) variations in dialect; and (3) differences in cultural understandings of survey concepts (e.g. committed relationships).
CONCLUSION
Survey translation is time-consuming and costly and, as a result, deviations from TRAPD 'best practice' occurred. It is not possible to determine whether closer adherence to TRAPD 'best practice' would have improved the quality of the resulting translations. However, our study does demonstrate that even adaptations of the TRAPD method can identify issues that may not have been apparent had non-team-based or single-round translation approaches been adopted. Given the dearth of clear empirical evidence about the most accurate and feasible method of undertaking translations, we encourage future researchers to follow our example of making translation data publicly available to enhance transparency and enable critical appraisal.
Topics: Health Surveys; Humans; Language; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Sexual Health; Translating
PubMed: 34919577
DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0261074 -
Archives of Osteoporosis Apr 2020The coordination of Fracture Liaison Services (FLS) with Primary Care (PC) is necessary for the continuity of care of patients with fragility fractures. This study...
UNLABELLED
The coordination of Fracture Liaison Services (FLS) with Primary Care (PC) is necessary for the continuity of care of patients with fragility fractures. This study proposes a Best Practice Framework (BPF) and performance indicators for the implementation and follow-up of FLS-PC coordination in clinical practice in Spain.
PURPOSE
To develop a BPF for the coordination of FLS with PC in Spain and to improve the continuity of care for patients with fragility fractures.
METHODS
A Steering Committee selected experts from seven Spanish FLS and related PC doctors and nurses to participate in a best practice workshop. Selection criteria were an active FLS with an identified champion and prior contact with PC centres linked to the hospital. The main aim of the workshop was to review current FLS practices in Spain and their integration with PC. A BPF document with processes, tools, roles, and metrics was then generated.
RESULTS
Spanish FLS consists of a multidisciplinary team of physicians/nurses but with low participation of other professionals and PC staff. Evaluation and treatment strategies are widely variable. Four desired standards were agreed upon: (1) Effective channels for FLS-PC communication; (2) minimum contents of an FLS clinical report and its delivery to PC; (3) adherence monitoring 3 months after FLS baseline visit; and (4) follow-up by PC. Proposed key performance indicators are (a) number of FLS-PC communications, including consensus protocols; (b) confirmation FLS report received by PC; (c) medical/nursing PC appointment after FLS report received; and (d) number of training sessions in PC.
CONCLUSIONS
The BPF provides a comprehensive approach for FLS-PC coordination in Spain, to promote the continuity of care in patients with fragility fractures and improve secondary prevention. The implementation of BPF recommendations and performance indicator tracking will benchmark best FLS practices in the future.
Topics: Benchmarking; Continuity of Patient Care; Female; Health Plan Implementation; Humans; Male; Osteoporotic Fractures; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Primary Health Care; Spain
PubMed: 32335759
DOI: 10.1007/s11657-020-0693-z -
The Lancet. Global Health Jun 2021To end the international crisis of preventable deaths in low-income and middle-income countries, evidence-informed and cost-efficient health care is urgently needed, and... (Review)
Review
To end the international crisis of preventable deaths in low-income and middle-income countries, evidence-informed and cost-efficient health care is urgently needed, and contextualised clinical practice guidelines are pivotal. However, as exposed by indirect consequences of poorly adapted COVID-19 guidelines, fundamental gaps continue to be reported between international recommendations and realistic best practice. To address this long-standing injustice of leaving health providers without useful guidance, we draw on examples from maternal health and the COVID-19 pandemic. We propose a framework for how global guideline developers can more effectively stratify recommendations for low-resource settings and account for predictable contextual barriers of implementation (eg, human resources) as well as gains and losses (eg, cost-efficiency). Such development of more realistic clinical practice guidelines at the global level will pave the way for simpler and achievable adaptation at local levels. We also urge the development and adaptation of high-quality clinical practice guidelines at national and subnational levels in low-income and middle-income countries through co-creation with end-users, and we encourage global sharing of these experiences.
Topics: COVID-19; Developing Countries; Humans; Practice Guidelines as Topic; Social Justice
PubMed: 33765437
DOI: 10.1016/S2214-109X(21)00059-0